poultry farming business plan in bangladesh

Poultry Farming in Bangladesh: Easy & Profitable

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There is a great market for commercial poultry farming in Bangladesh. And it is already an established business opportunity. The economic system of Bangladesh is mostly dependent on agriculture and agricultural related production. Poultry products like meat and eggs are the main source of animal protein for Bangladeshi people.

Chickens are the common and mostly raised poultry birds of Bangladesh. Along with chickens, raising some other poultry birds like quails , turkeys , ducks , pigeons , peacocks etc. are also gaining popularity day by day. I am describing here the benefits of poultry farming in Bangladesh and the steps for starting this business commercially.

Table of Contents

Benefits of Poultry Farming in Bangladesh

Poultry farming is a lucrative business. And there are some advantages of starting this business. The main benefits of starting poultry farming in Bangladesh are listed below.

Poultry farming in Bangladesh is a very profitable business for both individuals and Entrepreneurs.
Huge demand of poultry products inside the country. So, you don’t have to worry about marketing your products.
There are no religious taboos for consuming any poultry birds meat and eggs in Bangladesh.
Poultry farming in Bangladesh is such a great business that can never dry up.
Commercial poultry farming can create an employment opportunities for the job seeking unemployed educated people. Even, the women can also start raising some poultry birds in small scale farming system. This will ensure the availability of necessary nutrition for the family and help them by making some extra income.
Nowadays, there are numerous highly productive poultry breeds are available that are very suitable for commercial production.
Commercial poultry farming business has a great ROI (returns of investment) ratio. That means you will get good returns of your total investment.
You need some capital or initial investment for starting commercial poultry farming in Bangladesh. If you don’t have the capital then you can apply for bank loan. There are many banks available in Bangladesh which will give you bank loan happily with a very little interest. You can also get some loan from various non-govt NGO’s.
In a word, poultry farming in Bangladesh is absolutely a great business. Especially very suitable for educated job seekers. Because, employment opportunities are decreasing day by day due to rapid population growth. So, commercial poultry farming is a great income and employment source along with being self dependent.

Start Commercial Poultry Farming in Bangladesh

Starting a poultry farming business relatively easy. You need to follow some necessary steps for starting commercial poultry farming business.

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Here we are trying to describe the necessary steps for starting commercial poultry farming in Bangladesh.

Selecting Farm Location

The first step for starting poultry farming in Bangladesh is the selection of a suitable location. You can start raising poultry in your home or in a separate place that is in quiet place and far from your home.

Buying land is the most expensive part of commercial poultry farming business. It would be better if you own the land. This will decrease initial investment. While selecting land for starting, keep in mind the followings.

Select a calm and quiet place which is free from all types of chaos and noise.
The size of land depends on your current number of birds and future plan.
Selecting a land far from the cites will be effective for your production.
While selecting, try to choose an area with fresh and pollution free environment.
Rural area is perfect for setting up commercial poultry farming business in Bangladesh. Because, you can find land and labor in rural area easily and cheaply than urban areas.
Never try to establish poultry farm in a piece of rented land. It would be better if you have the land of your own.
A great source of sufficient clean and fresh water in the farm area.
The selected area must have to be free from all types of predators and harmful animals.
Proper transportation system will be very effective.
A suitable market near the farm for selling your products and buying necessary commodities.

Select Suitable Farming System

Following three systems are suitable for commercial poultry farming in Bangladesh. According to the climate of Bangladesh the most effective farming systems are

Extensive system,
Semi-intensive system and
Intensive poultry farming system.

Select Highly Productive Poultry Breeds

There are numerous highly productive poultry breeds available throughout the globe. Some of those are very suitable for commercial purpose according to the weather and climate of Bangladesh.

You can start raising poultry for meat and egg production. Choose proper breed for your desired production.

You can contact with your nearest poultry producer or any expert in this industry to learn about which breeds are producing more. Mostly raised and common poultry breeds in Bangladesh are listed below.

Broilers: Broilers are highly meat productive commercial poultry breeds. They are raised mainly for their meat production. They grow faster by consuming a certain amount of food. They convert the food into meat and converting ratio is also very good.
Cockerels: Cockerels are another meat productive poultry breeds. They also raised commercially for meat production. But their growing rate is very slow. Generally they grow slowly than any other commercial meat producing poultry breeds . They become very hardy and has a special demand in the market.
Layers: Layers are used for commercial egg production. There are some layer poultry breeds available which can lay more than 280-320 eggs annually. After finishing profitable egg production stage, you can sell them for slaughtering purpose.

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Choose any of the above breeds according to your desired production and available facilities.

Also keep in mind your local market while choosing effective poultry breeds for farming. Visit your nearest market and try to understand which product has huge demand.

Free range poultry farming require large farm area. And it is not suitable for large scale poultry farming in Bangladesh.

So, you have to make a suitable house for your poultry birds so that they can be kept inside the house all time. Design of poultry house vary according to the breed and farming system.

While making a poultry house consider the followings and learn more about how to build a poultry house.

Proper ventilation system is a must for good health of poultry birds. So, make your poultry house well ventilated.
Keep essential facilities for entrancing sufficient amount of fresh and clean air and light inside the house.
Try to make south faced house. This will ensure flow of sufficient fresh air and help to prevent cold north air.
In case of making numerous house in large scale commercial production, try to keep at least 40 feet distance from one house to another house.
Clean the house perfectly before bringing the chicks into the farm.
Ensure that, your house is free from all types of predators and harmful animals.
Keep proper facility for preventing rain water and cold wind in winter season.
It would be better, if the house located in a calm and quite place.
Make proper drainage system inside the house so that you can easily clean the house.
And keep all other facilities which are necessary for good poultry health and better production.

Good and high quality nutritious feeding ensure maximum production. So, always try to feed your birds fresh and nutritious food. You can feed your birds commercial poultry feeds.

This type of feeds are available in the market. Various types of feeds are available in the market according to the breed and age of poultry birds.

If you want to feed your birds home made food, then you have to buy all necessary nutritious feed ingredients separately and mix it before feeding it to your poultry birds.

Poultry feed
Broiler poultry feed
Layer poultry feed

Care & Management

Diseases are the main threat of poultry farming business. So, special care and managements are must. Always vaccinate the bird timely.

Never feed them polluted or contaminated foods. Keep a storage of necessary medicines. And always try to take good care of them.

Marketing is the easiest steps of poultry farming in Bangladesh. You can easily sell your products in your nearest local market. Nowadays, Bangladesh is earning some foreign money by exporting poultry products.

Poultry farming is really a lucrative business. It can play a great role for eradicating poverty and unemployment problems. If you want to start poultry farming in Bangladesh, then try to learn more about poultry farming and visit some farms to gather some practical experience.

Frequently Asked Questions

People ask many questions about poultry farming in Bangladesh. Here we are listing the most common questions about this profitable business, and trying to answer them. Hope you will find your answer. Don’t hesitate to ask us if you have more questions.

Is poultry farming a profitable business in Bangladesh?

Yes, commercial poultry farming is a very profitable business in Bangladesh. You can start this business for making money.

How to start poultry farming business in Bangladesh?

Starting a commercial poultry production in Bangladesh is very easy and simple. You can easily start this business if you follow these simple steps:

First of all, make an effective business plan and work according to the plan.
Then select a very good location for your farm.
Determine your production purpose and determine what you want to produce.
Select the right breed depending on your production purpose.
Make a very good house for your birds.
Purchase good quality and healthy birds.
Feed your birds with good quality and nutritious food.
Provide them with required vaccinations and medicines.
And always try to take good care of your birds.

How many poultry farms are there in Bangladesh?

It’s not possible to tell the exact number. But currently, there are around 18,000 layer farms in Bangladesh.

What is the price of farm chicken in Bangladesh?

In the wholesale markets now, broiler chicken is sold at Tk 150-175 per kg, Sonali chicken Tk 320. Layer chicken was sold at Tk 220-230 per kg and a dozen eggs at Tk 80-85. Exact price can vary from time to time and place to place.

Does Bangladesh export chicken?

Yes, Bangladesh exports chicken to Singapore and United States.

How much are eggs in Bangladesh?

Price of a dozen of eggs is Tk 80-85. Although, exact price can vary from time to time and also depends on your location.

What is the demand of eggs in Bangladesh?

Demand of the eggs is very high in the Bangladeshi market. About or up to 4 crore eggs are required daily to meet the national demand.

Which poultry feed is best in Bangladesh?

Some best poultry feed producers in Bangladesh are ACI Godreg Agrovet Private Limited, Nourish Poultry & Hatchery Limited, Kazi Farms Limited, Provita Feed & Hatcheries Limited etc.

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2 thoughts on “poultry farming in bangladesh: easy & profitable”.

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Self Sufficiency in Protein: Poultry Industry in Bangladesh

Yuvraj Karmoker

February 1, 2022

Among all the sub-sectors of the livestock sector in Bangladesh, poultry stands as one of the most important ones. Chickens, ducks, and turkeys are considered poultry and other domesticated birds. According to USDA, the industry had several bottlenecks in the past, but in 2019 it met 36% of the country’s demand for meat. Many people in Bangladesh rely on the chicken sector because they can raise chickens at home. In addition, this sector plays a vital role in rural economic growth and women’s empowerment. According to the Bangladesh Poultry Industry Central Council ( BPICC ), Bangladesh’s poultry sector currently produces 1.5 to 1.6 percent of the country’s GDP. In addition, the sector employs approximately 6 million people directly and indirectly in the country.

Overview of Poultry Industry

Poultry farming in rural Bangladesh has been around for a long time. Meanwhile, the modern poultry business in Bangladesh began in the 1960s by introducing new breeds and technologies. ‘ Eggs and Hens ’ created their first commercial venture in 1954. Bangladesh’s poultry industry began to expand modestly in the middle of the next decade. Development was gradual until the 1980s, but since the 1990s, when private companies and NGOs began to work, the industry’s growth steadily increased. Bangladesh’s poultry sector has been entirely import-dependent in the past but has become self-sufficient in just 30 years.

Bangladesh’s main poultry products are chicken, duck, quail, pigeons, and turkey. In addition, there are four more diverse types of chickens- Broiler, Layer, Sonali, and local. According to Light-Castle , more than 58.39 percent of the total chickens in Bangladesh are broiler breeds. There are currently over 53,000 broiler farms in Bangladesh.

Sonali chickens account for 28% of the country’s chickens. Laying hens also make up over 8.23% of all hens. This type of chicken is bred primarily for egg production. There are currently around 18,000 layer farms in Bangladesh. Laying hens produce about 1.25 trillion eggs out of a total of 1.5 trillion eggs produced, 80.65% of all eggs commercially produced in the country. Sonali chickens lay the remaining 3 billion eggs. Various dealers buy eggs from these laying hen companies and sell them at regular markets, wholesalers, and online wholesalers. In addition, the facility maintains about 6% of domestic chickens often bred in home gardens in rural areas. Because it grows entirely naturally, the price is also high compared to other varieties.

poultry farming business plan in bangladesh

Turkey and duck also belong to Bangladesh`s poultry sector. Although the primary turkey manufacturing in Bangladesh commenced in 2002, the recognition of this breed commenced in 2016. However, despite the reality that many traders won from turkey farms until 2019, numerous farms closed their doorways in 2020 due to unpredictable marketplace pricing and a lack of good advertising and marketing strategy. As a result, the range of turkey farms has reduced from 5,000 to 400. Furthermore, Bangladesh presently has over 6500 industrial duck farms.

A report in The Business Standard states that there are 90,000 chicken farms registered in Bangladesh. However, many more are not registered. These groups are labeled as large industrial farms, medium farms, and small farms. A parent stock farm, which raises parent or breeder hens, is in addition to these three categories. Later, these breeders create chicks from chickens, sold to regular farms. According to the BPICC, Bangladesh has 216 parent stock corporations. One hundred certified farms produce 1.48 crore chickens every week, often known as DOC or Day-Old Chicken. Breeders for parent stock businesses, on the other hand, are provided by the country’s 18 grandparent enterprises. These firms frequently import Grand Parent from the USA, Netherlands, Australia, and New Zealand.

Kazi Farms, Nourish, Paragon, Aftab G.P. Ltd., and Quality are leading participants in Bangladesh’s poultry business. Kazi Farms is now the market leader in this business. Although the firm was founded in 1996, they have been manufacturing parent chicken since 1997 and Grand Parent chicken since 2004. The firm is now Bangladesh’s leading Grand Parent and Parent Chicken manufacturer. According to Light-Castle, Kazi Farms controls 34% of Bangladesh’s broiler grandparents, and as the market leader, Kazi Farm regulates the price of chicks every week. In addition to Parent and Grand Parent, Kazi Farms controls 20% of the Layer Chicken market. Furthermore, Kazi Farms is the dominant participant in the processing and slaughtering sector.

Chicken feed mills and medical firms are among the poultry industry’s benefactors. BPICC says Bangladesh has 94 registered feed mills and about 200 unregistered feed mills. Of the 7 million tons of feed produced in 2019, 5 million tons were commercially produced by these feed factories. Handmade blends are employed for the remaining 2 million metric tons of feed. In addition, there are approximately 30 pharmaceutical businesses in the field that supply chicken vaccinations and medications. Organic manure, biogas, and electricity are abundant in poultry byproducts. Poultry droppings are abundant in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, improving soil fertility and utilizing biogas generation.

The expansion of the fowl sector is enormously impacting Bangladesh’s protein deficiency. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, an individual should consume at least 104 eggs each year. Nevertheless, Bangladesh reached its annual quota of eating eggs per capita in 2019. In addition, according to BPICC data, a total of 4.89 crore eggs are being produced commercially every day across the country. If computed every year, that comes to 1785 crore eggs. However, in 2010-11, this figure was just 608 crores. Egg production has grown nearly thrice (2.86) in the previous ten years, to phrase it differently.

DLS’s Livestock Economy Report 2020-21 argues that a person should consume at least 120 grams of meat per day, whereas 136.18 grams of meat is accessible to everyone in Bangladesh, with a per capita consumption of 6.7 kg of chicken per year. In addition, the country consumes 3,340 tons of poultry meat daily, for 1.26 million tons per year.

According to BPICC statistics, the poultry business in the nation is developing at a pace of 12 to 15% every year. According to a 2018 Center for Policy Dialogue report, the poultry business is Bangladesh’s second most significant contributor to GDP, trailing only the RMG industry. The poultry business employs nearly 2.5 million people and implicitly engages 3.5 million people, having women accounting for 40% of the workforce.

People’s earnings deteriorated during the pandemic, consequently affecting the demand for chicken. The poultry feed requires the import of 40% soybeans and 50%-60% maize as raw materials. These imports were also substantially stumbling as a result of the virus outbreak. During April-June 2020, the output of one-day-old chicks, eggs, meat, and poultry feed declined by 45, 28, 45, and 40%, respectively. Consequently, poultry consumption fell due to fears of coronavirus spreading via hens, thus creating a negative impression on the poultry business. As of BPICC, this COVID outbreak caused this business a loss of a total of BDT 7,000 crore, with around 25 to 30 percent of dealers losing their operating capital. Yet, the business rapidly restored itself as the situation stabilized where government incentives played a vital role. Bangladesh’s government offered a Tk 700 crore incentive for 6.2 million farmers in 2020. As a result, 70% of chicken sellers received incentives ranging from BDT 10,000 to BDT 22,000 between February and April 2021.

Current Trends

Educated people operating farms.

The number of educated entrepreneurs in Bangladesh’s poultry business increases with time. As a result, many of the country’s young people are now making a living by starting chicken farms rather than sitting unemployed after graduation. According to Frontiersin , over 93% (92.6) of layer poultry farms and more than 78% (78.3) of broiler chicken farms have higher academic credentials ranging from secondary level. Educated farmers can manage their farms in a contemporary manner, adequate supply feed, and administer required medications. As a result, they are reaping big profits, and the sector is expanding rapidly.

Branded Meat

Chickens of various bands are graded and sold in supermarkets in Europe and America. Although there is no defined brand for poultry goods in our nation yet, Bengal has concentrated on branding meat chicken and meat products in recent years. Some start-ups, such as Protein Market and Royal Meat, offer branded chicken products, meat, and fish online.

Use of Technology

The application of technology in chicken farming in Bangladesh has resulted in certain advances in the country’s overall sector. In the country’s most giant chicken farms, hatching machines, broilers, cleaning and egg collecting robots, temperature control technology, drip watering systems, and recycling devices are increasing.

Reasons Behind Growth

A Suitable Environment

Bangladesh’s climate is ideal for rearing chickens and other animals. Despite the challenges, poultry can be successfully raised in our rural areas without additional facilities infrastructure. These farms produce 40% of all broiler chickens produced, which assists rural residents to become self-sufficient via farming while also satisfying the country’s requirements.

Fast Food & Restaurant Industry

In 2020, there were more than 4.36 million restaurants and food chains in Bangladesh- reports The Daily Star. The number of these eateries has surged by 59% in only one decade, according to The Hotel and Restaurant Survey-2020. In addition, customers in Bangladesh enjoy chicken products at fast-food restaurants. Consequently, the continuous rise of restaurants and the consumption of enormous amounts of chicken in these places is having a pronounced impact on the overall poultry business growth.

Increasing Investment

Bangladesh’s poultry industry is attracting a growing amount of investment. Bpicc source states that poultry investment was barely BDT 1,500 crore in the 1980s but has risen to BDT 35,000 crore. Moreover, the investment is likely to double over the following ten years. As a result, the poultry sector is continuously expanding.

Government Initiatives

The various policies and campaigns taken by the Government of Bangladesh are propelling the poultry sector forward. For example, the ‘Amar Bari Amar Khamar’ initiative, which began in 2009, has substantially contributed to the growth of the poultry sector in rural regions. According to ‘Amar Bari Amar Khamar personnel, this program has resulted in establishing family farms in over 1.3 million families by 2019.

Increasing Chicken Consumption

Chicken meat is cheaper than other protein meals in Bangladesh. In recent years, the price of broilers has fluctuated between BDT 110 and BDT 170 per kilogram. 1 kg of poultry meat is enough for two meals in a medium-sized household. Besides, protein dishes such as beef, lamb, and fish are not available at this price, with the exception of some cheap fish. As a result, consumption of poultry meat increased while the industry grew at the same rate.

Disease Outbreak

Oftentimes, the virus has impeded the expansion of Bangladesh’s chicken sector. Avian influenza (Bird Flu) infected numerous hens in the nation in 2007, 2009, 2011, and 2017, leading to decreased poultry consumption. At the time, the overall loss amounted to around BDT 5,500 crore, and probably half of the country’s farms were shuttered. Such infections are always a danger in the poultry sector. Unfortunately, the majority of vaccinations meant to prevent it are import-dependent. Meanwhile, the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (LRI), a non-profit organization that does animal research and problem resolution in Bangladesh, can still produce very limited quantities of vaccines domestically. Furthermore, Bangladesh still has only one testing lab, which has emerged as a challenge for this particular industry.

Imported Feed Raw Material

Seasonal crops such as soybeans, maize, palm oil, and rice husk are frequently imported from India, China, and South America. In 2019, 36 % of the country’s soybeans had to be imported, as did 50 to 60 percent of the country’s maize. Reliance on imports limits the production of regular feed production.

Competition with Foreign Companies

According to a BPICC source, foreign firms dominate 40% of Bangladesh’s poultry sector, with seven foreign corporations controlling the majority of it. Such businesses may often function with cheap interest loans (2-3%) from abroad, but local businesses must borrow at a higher interest rate from banks (10-12%). As a result, international corporations have been able to quickly establish dominance in Bangladesh. Local businesses and entrepreneurs must bear the cost. According to the Dhaka Tribune , there were 150,000 chicken farms managed by local businesses in Bangladesh in 2007, which had decreased to 70,000 by 2017.

Syndicate of Large Corporations

The country’s major enterprises, including foreign firms, hold a greater share of Bangladesh’s poultry sector. These corporations set the price of one-day-old chicks, feed, and even the retail price of chicken through numerous syndicates. As a result, small and medium-sized farms are still suffering.

Future Opportunities

Export of halal & organic meat.

The worldwide halal food business is predicted to increase at a 10.83% annual rate between 2020 and 2027. Saudi Arabia has the world’s largest halal food market. Malaysia, the United Arab Emirates, Indonesia, and Egypt are also on the list. The worldwide halal food sector is now worth $1.17 trillion. According to TBS news , the country presently has 100 enterprises manufacturing over 700 different halal items. Bangladesh exported $1 billion in halal food and cosmetics items in FY 2020-21. According to the Ministry of Commerce, Bangladesh has the potential to export around $10 billion in halal food. Furthermore, the worldwide organic meat industry was anticipated to be worth $7.26 billion in 2020, with a 5.6% annual growth rate. If the BSTI establishes worldwide standards for halal and organic food in the country, the country’s international restaurant chains and five-star hotels would be able to acquire local raw materials instead of relying on imports, and exports will expand.

Scientists from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) have designed two new types of chicken, which have stronger immunity than conventional chickens. As a result, no vaccines or antibiotics are necessary for the upbringing of this kind of chicken. Furthermore, the Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) has begun trial production of a novel breed of chicken that tastes like domestic chicken and may be produced commercially since 2018. More such novel breeds generated via research and supplied to poultry farmers would greatly influence Bangladesh’s poultry sector.

Suggestions

The employment of growth hormones is pretty frequent in Bangladesh’s chicken sector. Eating chicken with such growth hormones can cause various health problems, including cancer in humans. The usage of certain growth hormones must be reduced for the development of this business. Furthermore, Bangladesh’s poultry sector is reliant on foreign vaccinations. So yet, the Livestock Research Institute has only produced 250,000 vaccinations. Improving vaccine manufacturing facilities in Bangladesh can help reduce reliance on international imports.

Due to a lack of suitable finance facilities, many Bangladeshi broiler and layer farmers have ceased their operations. Farmers would grow more in this industry if loans were made smoothly available to them at reduced interest rates. Furthermore, owing to viral assaults, syndicate victims, and excessive lending rates, many small and medium farms abandoned the chicken sector for a period of time. The closing of these businesses might have a severe influence on the country’s rural economy. If the government provides subsidies to poultry merchants, minor traders will survive in this business. The price of animal feed, on the other hand, varies since Bangladesh is dependent on the import of raw materials for poultry feed. Meanwhile, maize is farmed in the markets of Rangpur, Gaibandha, Kurigram, Nilphamari, and Lalmonir in Bangladesh, and soybean is grown in Noakhali and Laxmipur in the Chittagong division. Raising maize and soybean output by providing subsidies to farmers in these regions can lessen Bangladesh’s reliance on feed raw materials and the price of animal feed.

While contemporary poultry farming has begun in Bangladesh, numerous technologies have yet to be deployed. By employing AI technology in the company, it is feasible to monitor and change the firm’. Also, with robots, repetitive operations , including cleaning, sanitizing, and egg harvesting, may be completed quickly and cheaply. Bangladeshi organizations will manufacture and operate more effectively if these technologies are made accessible to small and medium-sized businesses in rural regions.

One response to “Self Sufficiency in Protein: Poultry Industry in Bangladesh”

Hi Yuvraj Da,

Thanks for the article. Will it be safe to assume that per capita poultry meat consumption has touched 7 kg and per capita egg consumption 121 in Bangladesh?

Dairy Farming In Bangladesh – Business Plan

Table of contents, advantages of dairy farming in bangladesh, objectives of dairy farming in bangladesh, steps to start dairy farming in bangladesh, recommendations for successful operation of dairy farming in bangladesh, breeds for dairy farming in bangladesh, types of dairy farms in bangladesh, feed requirement for dairy farming in bangladesh, the nutritional contribution of dairy milk in bangladesh, potential for dairy industry development in bangladesh, policies for dairy production in bangladesh, lack of disease/parasites control in dairy farming in bangladesh, milk yields and milk production per capita in bangladesh.

Dairy Farming in Bangladesh

Dairy farming business is a profitable business that mainly focused on producing milk. Dairy development in developing countries has played a main role in increasing milk production, generating employment opportunities, improving income level in rural areas, and improving the nutritional standards of the people, especially for small and marginal farmers. Dairy farming contributes 18.6% of the agricultural GDP and 2.41% of the national GDP, and it excludes the livelihood contributions of the dairy farmers in the country. Dairy farming is the only industry where income is ensured each month.

In Bangladesh, dairy is the important livestock product produced by smallholder crop-livestock farmers where most of the rural household keeps a cow to cultivate and also to produce milk for family consumption. The dairy cow plays an important role in maintaining the strong agricultural economy of Bangladesh. The district of Sirajganj is one of the major milk-producing districts in Bangladesh.

A Step-by-Step Guide to Dairy Farming In Bangladesh , and Business Plan

Dairying in Bangladesh is a good source of income for small and marginal farmers. The dairy feeds required for milk production can be met from their limited land resources as most of the milch animals are ruminants and the majority of their food can be derived from forages, coarse roughages, and byproducts not utilized by human beings, without incurring much additional cost. Dairy animals, comprising cows and buffaloes, are the major livestock and hold an important place in the national economy of Bangladesh. Apart from their role in milk production, they contribute a huge quantity of organic manure and it is one of the major inputs in Bangladesh agriculture.

The initial investment in the dairy farming business in Bangladesh is low in comparison to other Industries.
It is an environment-friendly business.
The milk product demand is increasing rapidly.
The milk demand has always increased. Consumption of dairy products is on the rise by vegetarians and non-vegetarians.
Compared to products from other industries, milk marketing is very easy. There is no requirement for special shops and expenses of marketing are also low for any dairy products.
The dairy farming business is the only industry where income is guaranteed every month.

Starting a dairy farming business is one of the best business ideas in Bangladesh. To start a dairy farming business in Bangladesh you need to employ a big amount of money, and labor, etc., and manage them efficiently. Also, you will have to deal with keeping the cattle healthy because there is a risk of diseases. Normally, dairy in the country is practiced as a part of a crop-livestock farming system with 1 or 2 cows. The average milk production in Bangladesh is less because of the low productivity of dairy animals, and lack of proper care.

In case if you miss this: Tilapia Fish Farming In Tanks .

Objectives of Dairy Farming in Bangladesh

In the Mymensingh district in Bangladesh, small and large-scale dairy farms have been increasing day by day. Especially low-income group of people has taken this dairy farming as a profitable business. To establish a plan for dairy development in this region, it is essential to know details about the management practices and performances of different types of dairy breeds in Bangladesh. Thus it requires the following objectives;

i) To estimate the existing status regarding breeding, feeding, housing, milking, milk marketing, and management aspects of small dairy farms.

ii) Also, to compare the productive and reproductive performances of crossbred and indigenous cows reared in small dairy farms.

iii) To find the costs and returns of small dairy farms.

The economics of dairying can be made more profitable business by improving the productivity of dairy cows. The development of this sub-sector can be considered as an important strategy for poverty alleviation which is a main objective of the Government.

Step 1) Research dairy breeds – The common dairy animals are cows, goats (good for a small farm), or water buffalo. Each one has many dairy breeds, and local knowledge is the best way to choose between them. Contact government institutions, and established dairy farms and ask for information to help you make the decision;

Rule outbreeds that can’t thrive in your climate conditions.
For each dairy breed, divide annual upkeep cost by annual milk production to find production cost per unit of milk.
Is there local demand for the milk breed’s based on species
How much time and money does the dairy farming business take to raise

Step 2) Business Plan and SWOT Analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats)

To start a dairy farming business in Bangladesh, keep in mind that it’s a business like other businesses. That’s why you must develop a detailed dairy business plan along with a SWOT analysis are crucial for you. It will help you set reasonable expectations for your expenses and production cost; your business plan includes a cash flow plan. So, any kind of business must write a dairy business plan. It comes with almost all the things that your dairy business need, such as;

Potential management system
Human resources
Potential market

Step 3) Consult the Experts

It’s important to consult experts in the dairy business plan and the great resources are the other dairy producers. That’s why attending open houses on dairy farms not only in your area but other parts of the country. Also, you should talk to veterinarians, nutritionists, extension educators, and others that can provide different perspectives on the management of dairy apart from the farmers.

Step 4) Cropping and Feeding Program

Dairy cattle need certain nutrients to support themselves, produce milk, and grow a calf whether you are going to feed a TMR (total mixed ration), graze your cattle, or some combination of both. If these dairy animals are to be raised on the farms then work with a nutritionist to develop rations. As you get started with the dairy business and are building capital, you need to hire laborers to harvest. Then, that makes arrangements with neighbors to share equipment and labor to reduce investment. This is a necessary step for the dairy farming business in Bangladesh.

Step 5) Waste Management Plan

If you’re in the dairy farming business in Bangladesh there will come out a lot of manure. It can be a great resource on the farm is managed and then used properly while this manure is referred to as waste. It will not only allow you to produce more feed but will also allow you to apply more manure to land if you can use a double-cropping system on your farm. Among the alternatives to the direct land application of manure are composting and anaerobic digestion. They will increase the capital investment required to get your dairy started while these options may provide additional revenue and other benefits to your diary.

Step 6) Investment

A dairy farming business requires a large investment. Buying an existing dairy farm makes the business simpler, and also saves money if you’re willing to do some repairs yourself. Whether you plan to buy or start it all yourself, makes sure you’ll have the below facilities;

Dry, sunny sheds protected from weather and temperature changes
Milking parlor with stanchions
Feed storage and manure storage
Separate living space for calves
Equipment (including tractors) and equipment storage area
Well for watering cattle, and also water transport system to tanks in the pasture
Irrigation system for pasture

Step 7) Market Research

Before starting your dairy farming business in Bangladesh this is one of the important tasks you should do. You should perform thorough research on the potential market so that you can understand the position. You’ll be able to know aftermarket research;

How much milk it will demand in the future
You’ll be supplying to individuals
It’s a company or not

Bangladesh suffers from an acute shortage of livestock products such as milk, meat, and eggs. Therefore, Bangladesh Government has given priority to dairy development at the farmer’s level to increase the supply of milk from small dairy farms. To achieve a regular income and a more market-oriented production pattern in dairy farming, it is essential to analyze the socioeconomic conditions of dairy farmers and their effects on dairy income in rural Bangladesh. Labor is the primary resource in dairy farming.

Proper labor management is a must for earning profits in dairy farming in the present-day competitive market. The output can serve as an input for a large scale on the evaluation of dairy policy in the country. However, dairy farmers are still facing to take decisions on how best to milk production and how much to produce within their limited resources. Constraints are the barriers coming in the way of successful dairy farming faced by the dairy farmers. Identification of constraints faced by them is very important to make necessary interventions and formulation of strategies for the uplift of smallholder dairy farming. The important findings for successful dairy farming are given below;

Most farmers followed the stall feeding system.
Cross breeder cow’s milk production is 5 times greater than that of natural breeder cows.
The supply of all vaccines is not sufficient. These are costly also. The vaccine supplied by the government is also effective.
The recurring cost is higher. So, the cost of production of dairy products is higher if we compare it to the other countries.
Attract of many diseases is found. Diseases are more severe in the rainy season.
Also, there is great demand for milk in Dhaka city.
Farmers know about modern technology but most of the farmers do not use these technologies.

Most of the farmers believe that the dairy farming business is a profitable enterprise and can be more profitable if Government gives support on feed cost, marketing, loan, and management training. The below recommendations can be suggested as broad guidelines for the successful operation of a dairy farm;

The shortage of feeds and fodder can partially be overcome by introducing the cultivation of HYV fodder. The government and non-government organizations play an important role in disseminating the technology of HYV fodder cultivation in rural areas.
Veterinary care and services to the farm owners must be strengthened.
Regular short training program on different management of dairying must be arranged for the farm owners and short-term institutional loans or credit should be given to actual farm owners and to be checked regularly.
The price of milk must be fixed at a reasonable level and the milk-marketing system must be improved. Milk preservation facilities must be created for the farmer to ensure the marketing of their product.
Some improvements must be made to communication, power, water supply, and modern storage facilities for dairy products.
Both the public and the private sectors must introduce some methods to make bank credit available to smallholders on easy terms and through simplified procedures.

The Bangladesh farmers have been rearing three categories of cattle they are pure breed, crossbreed, and local. The local breed variety is less prone to diseases and is heat tolerant. In Bangladesh, the best local cattle are available in some selected locations such as Pabna, Sirajganj, Chittagong, and Munshiganj areas. In Pabna and Sirajganj area medium-type cattle are seen as called Pabna cattle.

To develop the production potentialities of the local cattle, some efforts made to crossbreed with different exotic breeds several times in the past. The introduced breeds are Holstein-Friesian, Jersy, Sahiwal, Sindhi, Australian, Sahiwal-Friesian, etc. And, some exotic pure breeds, their crossbreeds, and up-graded cattle are found in the government dairy farms, commercial dairy farms, and in urban and semi-urban areas of Bangladesh.

Cattle breed relatively homogeneous variety within a species having similar appearance and developed by deliberate selection. No specific cattle breed has been established in Bangladesh. Then, with the long natural selection, some improved indigenous varieties of cattle exist in the country. Though, this is results from the centenary selection of better animals for increasing milk production. Improved breed varieties are Pabna Cattle, Red Chittagong, Munshiganj Cattle, and North Bengal Grey Cattle.

There are mainly three types of dairy farms in Bangladesh. These are

Rural dairies,
Pocket dairies and
Metro dairies.

a) Rural dairies – About 68% of rural people get cattle/buffalo and the number of cattle/buffalo per family is 3.5. Some cows per family in a rural area is 1.5 and on average each cow gives about 0.8-liter milk per day.

b) Pocket dairies – Some places in Bangladesh are milk-producing areas are Baghabari of Serajgang district, Munshiganj district, and Tekerhat of Matharipur district, etc.

c) Metro dairies – Metro dairies are developed in urban areas and most of them are small in size. The total food for their cattle at a higher cost but the farming in these areas is profitable because the price of milk in these areas is high. Farmer easily gets training, medicine, and vaccine, etc compare to the rural people and these farmers are more conscious than the farmer of rural area.

Livestock is one of the main components of the farming systems that play a vital role in agriculture. The cattle feed available in Bangladesh can be grouped into agro-industrial by-products which include agricultural crop residues such as straws, and sugarcane tops, etc.; by-products from agro-industries like molasses, oil-cakes, pineapple wastes, and shrimp waste, etc.; and milling by-products such as brans. Tree leaves, indigenous grasses, and cultivated fodder contribute to the bulk. The total area for Bhadoi and Rabi fodder is about 6,312 hectares, producing only about 47,000 m tons of fodder crops. It is estimated that about 190,000 m tons of grain are available for livestock feeding, contributing only about 15.7% of the total amount of concentrate feed.

The dairy cow requires mainly five classes of nutrients like energy, protein, minerals, vitamins, and water. Though, lactating cows react immediately to a reduction in the amount or quality of feed by a drop in milk production. The availability of feed and fodder is the main constraint in developing the full potential of the livestock sector. Unless adequate feeding is first provided for, no substantial improvement in milk yield can be achieved.

It is well known that milk is an ideal food for humans mainly to sustain growth in children, fetal growth in pregnant women, and milk production during lactation. Also, it has been described as nature’s most perfect food. Its main constituents, who supply energy and building materials for the young, are accompanied by several nutrients like minerals, vitamins, and organic compounds.

Cost of feed mainly included expenses on paddy straw, green grass, and concentrate, etc. The purchased feeds were valued based on the average prices paid for the items. Home supplied feeds were also charge based on the average prices prevailing in the market. Only a few owners produced green grass.

The milk production demand is growing at a faster rate than supply because of the rapid increase in population. Then, there is a need to know the existing demand, its growth over time, and the existing supply possibilities. All livestock require food, water, and a suitable environment for survival. Also, recent trials have shown that rapid improvement of the local cattle in the tropics can be attained by cross-breeding, using semen from high-quality animals. Then, such cross-bred animals produce satisfactorily, survive well under the local conditions and have the necessary heat tolerance. There are other factors, which favor livestock production in the tropics. The capital investment for buildings, etc. need not be as high as in the temperate zones. Only a simple building with a floor and a roof are necessary, as against the expensive building to keep out the cold in temperate countries. Due to the heavy rains that occur throughout the year, and capital cost for irrigation, etc. need not be as high. These all factors help to reduce the costs of milk production. Among animal products, milk has a high nutritional value. It has all ingredients required by the human body in proper proportions and an easily digestible form. It is essential that this sector, like every other sector of tropical agriculture, must be modernized and made more productive as quickly as possible.

You may also check this: How To Grow Vegetables Hydroponically .

Economic policies

1. Production policies – The commercial dairy industry growth is constrained by inadequate and irregular supplies and high costs for feed concentrates. The government has given high priority to the Bangladesh dairy industry development to alleviate the serious and growing gap between domestic consumption and production.

2. Marketing structure – Dairy development programs must be adopted on an integrated view, incorporating production enhancement, procurement, processing, and marketing of milk.

To meet the ever-increasing demands for milk follow some points;

1) Through breeding by artificial insemination or natural services. An ideal dairy cow in the present socio-economic situation has the potential of yielding on average 2,500 liters in 290 to 305 days, with an inter-calving period of 13 to 15 months and age at first calving from 28 to 33 months. The application of improved methods of breeding has greatly increased dairy cattle productivity in Bangladesh.

2) The constraint of feeds and fodder is considered the greatest problem facing the dairy cattle development in Bangladesh.

3) The main objective of dairy cattle development in Bangladesh through smallholders is to achieve greater production of milk and meat. Only dairy cattle development can be increased when an assured guaranteed market or an incentive price for the product will be offered. In Bangladesh, the important factor with an adverse effect on dairy production is the lack of a well-organized marketing system, particularly in the case of milk, which is highly perishable. While there is great demand for such products in urban areas, the supply of these products cannot be ensured without an organized marketing system and transport facilities. To ensure fair prices, an efficient and effective marketing system must be developed.

4) Improvements must be made to communication, power, water supply, and modern storage facilities for dairy products.

5) Smallholder dairy production must be encouraged at the village level, where roadside grass and rice straw are available.

6) The public and the private sectors should introduce ways to make bank credit available to smallholders on easy terms and through simplified procedures.

7) Powdered milk imports must be reduced to encourage dairying in Bangladesh. National Milk Development Co-operation should be established.

Diseases and parasites are a main problem for the dairy industry in Bangladesh.

Some diseases like rinderpest, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, and foot and mouth disease cause high mortality and severe economic loss. Also, the improved varieties of cow breeds like Australian Sabiwal, Hariana, and Friesian need proper medical attention in the tropical environment. Though, the medical facilities are poor at district and Thana level livestock offices. The prices of essential animal drugs are high. A 30% increase in cattle production would be possible if these diseases were properly controlled.

The vaccination program of the Livestock Department is limited because of budgetary constraints. Only in this method will educationists and research and extension workers reach an adequate level of competence for their important task. To increase dairy production in Bangladesh, it is necessary to overcome economic as well as technical constraints. Although livestock research has been neglected in favor of research into crop production, the livestock research that has taken place has thus far focused on technical issues. Also, there is a lack of trained personnel at all levels as well as a lack of training facilities.

On average a Bangladeshi cow is reported to produce approximately 200 kg/year, which is below 30% of the production of an Indian cow. This low milk yield in Bangladesh is due to poor feed resources and low milk productivity, etc.

A comparatively low national milk production and a high population result in a per capita milk production in Bangladesh of about 13 kg/capita/year, which is approximately 16% of the per capita milk production achieved in India.

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